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VUB CASE: From Neutral Constraint to Sovereign Control: Belgium's Immigration Policy Transformation (1839–1940)

 1. Belgium's Awkward Origin Story: Neutrality as Identity To understand Belgium's immigration policy, one must begin not with migration law but with geopolitics, with Belgium's rather awkward birth. It all started when the Belgians got sick of the Dutch and wanted independence. Its independence came at a price: permanent neutrality, imposed by the Big 5 of that time: Britain, France, Prussia, Austria, and Russia . This was formalised in the Treaty of London of 1839 , Article 7: "Belgium shall form an independent and perpetually neutral State." In short: little Belgium should mind its little business and stay out of any conflicts, conformably to neutrality's main obligations: abstention and impartiality . Now, being forced into neutrality by five larger countries is not exactly the most heroic origin story. But that neutrality ended up shaping Belgium’s political culture, its foreign policy, and eventually its treatment of foreigners. In practice, your nationa...
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VUB CASE: De gevolgen van de Eerste Wereldoorlog voor het Belgische eigendoms- en familierecht

 Inleiding De impact van oorlog sijpelt binnen in de verschillende lagen van de samenleving, zowel op politiek, economisch als op sociaal vlak. Zo ook op vlak van het recht, meer bepaald van het eigendoms- en familierecht. Familierecht is een rechtstak die uiterst gevoelig is aan maatschappelijke veranderingen en onophoudelijk flexibel genoeg moet zijn om mee te evolueren met en zich te adapteren aan de noden van de samenleving. Het kan dan ook niet anders dan dat de moeilijke omstandigheden, voortgebracht door de oorlog, het Belgische familierecht grondig hervormd hebben en de gevolgen hiervan doordrongen tot op de stoel van de wetgever. Men moest het hoofd bieden aan nieuwe maatschappelijke problemen, verbonden aan de oorlog, en men verwachtte dat het familierecht hieraan zou tegemoetkomen. In deze uiteenzetting wordt dieper ingegaan op enkele familiaal- en eigendomsrechtelijke aspecten die beïnvloed werden door de Eerste Wereldoorlog, die België en bij uitbreiding Europa bijna o...

LJ CASE: The 1821 Congress of Ljubljana

 Introduction The aim of my research is to present the Congress of Ljubljana (1821), which can sometimes be overlooked at least when compared to its more well-known counterpart, the 1815 Vienna Congress. It is worth mentioning that in the past years- Dr. Raphaël Cahen ’s extensive work comes to mind- there has been more research conducted about the said congress and its broader role in the Holy Alliance’s politics, especially in honour of the congress’ 200th anniversary.  In the very short span of time I have somehow ambitiously set myself on to answer some of the budding questions: Was the Congress of Ljubljana merely a marginal diplomatic gathering of the great European powers? In what ways did inequalities among its participants become evident? And how was the congress represented in contemporary media? Due to a bit of an unsuccess in regarding the research with primary sources and shorter time span compared to the previous EUTopia Collected Learning Communitiy cycles, my c...